Fiber Angle influence and Toughness characterization of bioinspired discontinuous fiber helicoids composite materials produced via additive manufacturing

Over millennia nature has produced composite materials with excellent mechanical properties compared to the low of their base and managed obtain a good compatibility between stiffness toughness; as result, they are source inspiration for material optimization applications, such increasing toughness damage resistance, something that is difficult in conventional engineering materials. Nowadays eight structural elements identified biological materials: fibrous, helicoidal, gradients, layered, tubular, cellular, suture, overlapping. Helical structures consist stacks ordered fibers form layers rotated at constant angle inclination. These include plywood Bouligand structures. an arrangement fibrous laminates completes 180° turn provides some increased strength multiple directions exceptionally high fracture toughness. The classical mechanics constitutive model approximations this type materials, but still need be studied tested properly understand behavior. Injection molding, compression hand layup, resin transfer filament winding, pultrusion, automated fiber placement just few traditional methods used make fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPC). However, these manufacturing techniques have restriction on specific alignment demand expensive molds, dies, or lithographic masks. Additive potential replace many processes due its ability create complex geometries customizable employ several simultaneously, among other things. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) most widely additive technique FRPC cost, energy input, consumption, operation simplicity. This work presents three-dimensional models mimicking by turning pitch analytical comparison were made. specimens fabricated using FDM technique. A thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was matrix polylactic acid (PLA) fibers. Tensile tests mechanically characterize both raw manufactured examine impact helical contribution composite. Experiments analysis revealed rotation angles improve stiffness, strength,